Design Principles

Viaduct Harbour, Auckland, New Zealand
Source: TPG Town Planning and Urban Design

Mixed land use involves a range of complementary land uses that are located together in a balanced mix, including residential development, shops, employment community and recreation facilities and parks and open space. This makes alternative forms of transport to the car, such as public transport, walking and cycling, more viable.  Mixed land use can enhance the vitality and perceived security of areas by increasing the number of people on the street and in public spaces.  It can also improve the retail and economic development of an area (Smart Growth, no date).

Overview
Mixed land use promotes active transport to and between different activities by co-locating destinations.  A range of activities in a development encourages social interaction as people are able to meet and also undertake other activities in the one trip.

There is consistent research evidence that mixed land use (ie. the presence of multiple destinations) is a key factor influencing a neighbourhood’s walkability. 

How to Achieve

• Provide a range of development types and densities (including residential) that allow for a mix of day and night time activities including safety and surveillance considerations.
• Ensure that surrounding transport networks and adjoining development is integrated with the new development.
• At the more detailed design stage pay attention to lighting, street furniture, signage, footpath treatment and safe road crossings to ensure a safe and convivial space is provided for all users.

• Adequate open space and recreation areas especially for children and their carers.
• Developments located within walking distance of bus or tram stops (400 metres) or train stations (up to 800 metres).

Avoid

• Development that is not serviced by or integrated with transport networks or activities required for daily living (supermarket, newsagent).
• Areas with no public open space or play areas to accommodate the needs of children and carers.
• Not integrating access and movement networks within the design and funding of the mixed land development.
• Single use developments such as regional centres that contain only retail and commercial development

Click here for more detailed information on design and planning for Mixed Land Use.